Los cementerios de París

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Sin dudas el cementerio Père-Lachaise es el más famoso de París, pero aunque parezca extraño, los cementerios son parte importante del patrimonio cultural de la ciudad.

Incluso muchos parisinos y turistas los visitan para dar un paseo y lograr escapar unos minutos del ruido de la vida en la ciudad. Además del Père-Lachaise, los otros tres más importantes son el de Montmartre, el Montparnasse y el Passy, aunque la capital tiene 14.
Abarcan amplias superficies de la capital: los tres más grandes cubren entre 11 y 44 hectáreas.




Los cementerios de París

Historia

Durante muchos siglos, los parisinos enterraron a sus muertos en el Cemetiére des Innocents, junto al mercado de Les Helles. El cementerio abarcaba más de 20 parroquias, sobre todo para aquellos que no tenias cementerio propio, los indigentes y para quienes morían en el hospital Hotel de Dieu.  Se hacían en fosas comunes que contenían hasta 1500 cuerpos.
Hacia fines del siglo XVIII, los restos de millones de personas se transportaron en caravanas hacia las catacumbas, cerca de Denfert-Rochereau. Se cerraron los cementerios dentro del muro de la ciudad y fueron reemplazados por los de Père-Lachaise , Montparnasse y Montmatre.

Cementerio de Père-Lachaise

El más famosos y visitado de los cementerios de París.

El cementerio del Père Lachaise se llama así en recuerdo del confesor del rey Louis XIV, el padre François d’Aix de La Chaise. Hemos publicado un post sobre nuestra visita.
Casi 2 millones de personas lo visitan cada año. Entre las tumbas más célebres podemos mencionar la de Jim Morrison, Federico Chopin, Honoré de Balzac, Jean de La Fontaine, Molière, Yves Montand, Edith Piaf, Camille Pissarro y Oscar Wilde.




Cementerio de Montmartre

Con sus 20.000 tumbas y más de 11 hectáreas es el tercer cementerio de la ciudad en tamaño

Cementero inmenso en el barrio de Montmartre. No hay mucha gente famosa enterrada, y aun así por su tamaño es difícil encontrarlos. Se pueden pasar horas recorriéndolo. Hay un gran contraste en antiguas tumbas y otras más modernas, predominando las antiguas.

Cementerio de Montparnasse

Desde 1654, existía una necrópolis perteneciente a la abadía en donde existe el cementerio Montparnasse.

Recién en 1824, el cementerio Montparnasse, con su superficie de 19 hectáreas se convirtió en un cementerio municipal.
Entre las más famosas obras, se encuentra por ejemplo « Le Baiser » del escultor Constantin Brancusi (1876-1957). En este cementerio yacen los restos de muchas figuras de la élite intelectual y artística francesa.
La tumba de Charles Boudelaire, por ejemplo, presenta el busto del poeta encaramado sobre un gran murciélago que contempla una escultura de piedra de su propio cuerpo. Costantin Brancusi también esta enterrado aquí. Algunas de sus esculturas, entre ellas el beso.
Serge Gainsbourg, Jean-Paul Sartre y Simone de Beauvoir también están enterrados aquí.

Horarios

  • De las 8 o 8.30 o 9 hasta las 17.30 o 18.00 según la temporada.

Cementerio de Passy

Por su ubicación en Trocadéro, cerca de la Torre Eiffel, el Cimetière de Passy fue el cementerio de la aristocracia desde su inauguración en 1820.
Pese a ser relativamente pequeño (unas 2 hectáreas), no faltan allí varios nombres ilustres.
Algunos de los más conocidos son: Édouard Manet (pintor impresionista), Fernandel (cómico francés del cine mudo), Marcel Renault (uno de los tres hermanos fundadores de la famosa marca de automóviles), Claude Debussy, Gabriel Fauré y Jacques Ibert (todos ellos grandes compositores).
Uno de los sepulcros más llamativos es el de Maria Bashkirtseff, que recrea el viejo estudio de la artista.

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